Broadly speaking, there are two primary forms of training used by most organizations. The first involves structured training during designated instruction periods by assigned, often full-time, instructors using some combination of lecture, assigned course material, and examination. This classroom-style training would not be unfamiliar to any high school or college student.
The second type is a learn-by-doing, on-the-job approach, whereby a trainee learns his or her craft by shadowing an experienced coworker or manager.